動(dòng)力式空壓機分為透平式和噴射式空壓機，離心式空壓機屬于透平式空壓機組。在離心式空壓機中，高速旋轉的葉輪給予氣體的離心力作用，以及在擴壓通道中氣體的擴壓作用，使氣體壓力得到提高。今天小編就從離心式空壓機的工作原理、優(yōu)劣勢、應用范圍及發(fā)展趨勢幾方面來(lái)為大家介紹。 一、離心式空壓機的工作原理。離心式空氣空壓機由葉輪帶動(dòng)氣體高速旋轉，產(chǎn)生離心力，由于氣體在葉輪里中進(jìn)行擴壓流動(dòng)，使氣體通過(guò)葉輪后流速和壓力提高，連續生產(chǎn)出壓縮空氣。離心式空氣空壓機屬于速度式空壓機，在用氣負荷穩定時(shí)離心式空氣空壓機工作穩定、可靠。 二、離心式空壓機的優(yōu)勢。 1、流量大、功率大、節能環(huán)保。透平機械流經(jīng)葉輪的介質(zhì)，是連續不斷的，氣缸容積較大，葉輪能夠高速旋轉，故透平機械的排氣量和發(fā)生的功率大大增加。所以離心空壓機排氣均勻，無(wú)氣流脈沖。 2、運轉平穩，操作可靠，因此它運轉率高，操作范圍較廣，節約成本。 3、運轉周期長(cháng)，易損件少、運動(dòng)零件少、設計簡(jiǎn)潔，且制造精度低，制造費用相對低且可靠性高。易實(shí)現自動(dòng)化和大型化。 4、結構緊湊、密封效果好，少泄漏，尺寸小，機組占地面積及重量都比同一氣量的活塞式空壓機小得多。 5、離心式空壓機的壓縮過(guò)程中可以做到絕對無(wú)油，不需要機內潤滑，這對許多行業(yè)生產(chǎn)十分重要。 三、離心式空壓機的缺點(diǎn)。目前離心式空壓機還不適用于氣量太小及壓比過(guò)高的場(chǎng)所。其穩定工況區狹窄，氣量調節雖比較方便，但經(jīng)濟性差。氣流速度大，流道內的零部件有較大的摩擦損失。離心式空壓機轉速較高，有可能產(chǎn)生機械振動(dòng)，在運行特性方面，會(huì )有喘振現象，對機器的危害極大。操作相對復雜，齒輪箱噪聲大，設備技術(shù)含量高，維護費用較大。效率仍低于活塞式空壓機。操作適應性差，氣體性質(zhì)對操作性能有較大影響。 四、適用范圍。近年來(lái)，化工行業(yè)和大型化工廠(chǎng)陸續建立，使離心式空壓機成為壓縮和輸送化工生產(chǎn)中各種氣體的關(guān)鍵機器，占有及其重要地位
Power type air compressors are divided into turbine type and jet type air compressors, and centrifugal air compressors belong to turbine type air compressor units. In a centrifugal air compressor, the high-speed rotating impeller exerts centrifugal force on the gas, as well as the expansion effect of the gas in the expansion channel, which increases the gas pressure. Today, the editor will introduce to you the working principle, advantages and disadvantages, application scope, and development trend of centrifugal air compressors. 1、 The working principle of a centrifugal air compressor. The centrifugal air compressor is driven by the impeller to rotate the gas at high speed, generating centrifugal force. Due to the expansion flow of the gas in the impeller, the flow rate and pressure of the gas increase after passing through the impeller, continuously producing compressed air. Centrifugal air compressors belong to speed type air compressors, and they work stably and reliably when the gas load is stable. 2、 The advantages of centrifugal air compressors. 1. High flow rate, high power, energy-saving and environmentally friendly. The medium flowing through the impeller of a turbomachinery is continuous, and the cylinder volume is large. The impeller can rotate at high speed, so the exhaust volume and power generated by the turbomachinery are greatly increased. So the centrifugal air compressor exhausts uniformly without any airflow pulses. 2. Smooth operation and reliable operation, therefore it has a high operating rate, a wide operating range, and saves costs. 3. Long operating cycle, few vulnerable parts, few moving parts, simple design, low manufacturing accuracy, relatively low manufacturing cost, and high reliability. Easy to achieve automation and large-scale. 4. Compact structure, good sealing effect, less leakage, small size, and much smaller footprint and weight of the unit compared to piston type air compressors with the same air volume. 5. The compression process of centrifugal air compressors can achieve absolute oil-free operation without the need for internal lubrication, which is crucial for production in many industries. 3、 Disadvantages of centrifugal air compressors. At present, centrifugal air compressors are not suitable for places with low air volume and high pressure ratio. Its stable working condition zone is narrow, and although air volume regulation is relatively convenient, its economy is poor. The airflow speed is high, and the components inside the flow channel have significant friction losses. The centrifugal air compressor has a high speed and may generate mechanical vibration. In terms of operating characteristics, there may be surging, which poses great harm to the machine. The operation is relatively complex, the gearbox has high noise, the equipment has high technical content, and the maintenance cost is relatively high. The efficiency is still lower than that of piston air compressors. Poor operational adaptability, gas properties have a significant impact on operational performance. 4、 Scope of application. In recent years, the chemical industry and large chemical plants have been established one after another, making centrifugal air compressors a key machine for compressing and transporting various gases in chemical production, occupying an extremely important position
